乳酸菌能促进动物生长，调节胃肠道正常菌群、维持微生态平衡，从而改善胃肠道功能、提高食物消化率和生物效价、降低血清胆固醇、控制内毒素、抑制肠道内腐败菌生长、提高机体免疫力等。在人体肠道内栖息着数百种的细菌，其数量超过百万亿个。其中对人体健康有益的叫益生菌，以乳酸菌、双歧杆菌等为代表。乳酸菌对一些腐败菌和低温细菌有较好的抑制作用，可用于防治腹泻、下痢、肠炎、便秘和由于肠道功能紊乱引起的多种疾病以及皮肤炎症。从葡萄糖或乳糖的发酵过程中产生乳酸菌的细菌统称为乳酸菌。乳酸菌是一种存在于人类体内的益生菌。能够帮助消化，有助人体肠脏的健康。乳酸菌在生化、遗传、分子生物学和基因工程领域...
细菌的鉴定和分类均需要采用类似的研究方法。不同的是，分类工作的研究对象是已知菌种，而鉴定工作的研究对象是未知的菌株。分类工作需要对已知菌种进行全面分析以掌握不同菌种之间的共性和特性，并分门别类排序；鉴定工作则往往利用已知菌种的特性，以最优化的方案确定未知菌种的分类地位。因此可见，细菌分类对于人员和技术上的要求比较高，且不是所有分类学技术都适合于常规的细菌鉴定。
The genus Shewanella includes saprophytic Gram-negative microorganisms inhabiting warm and temperate regions worldwide and which are part of the marine environment microflora. More than 50 species of Shewanella have been classified thus far, all of which produce yellowish-brown pigmented...
Rhodococcus is a genus of aerobic, nonsporulating, nonmotile Gram-positive bacteria, a few species are pathogenic, most are benign, and have been found to thrive in a broad range of environments, including soil, water, and eukaryotic cells. Some species have large genomes, including the ...
Majority of Rhizobium species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of legumes such as peas, soybeans and alfalfa, and Parasponia. This relationship leads to the establishment of specialized structures called nodules. In these structures the bacteria are able to co...
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