Add 9.0 mL of distilled water to a 20 mL beaker and dissolve the first two components.xa0 While stirring, adjust the pH to 7.2 with 10N NaOH (approximately 0.7 mL).xa0 Adjust final volume to 10 mL with distilled water and filter sterilize. Solution should be used soon after preparation.xa0 Discard any unused solution.

1. Harvest cells from several cultures that are in the late logarithmic to early stationary phase of growth.xa0 Place culture vessels on ice for 10 min.
2. Invert tubes 20 times and centrifuge at 200 x g for 5 min.xa0xa0xa0xa0xa0xa0xa0xa0
3. While cells are centrifuging, prepare the cryoprotective solution.xa0
   1. Place 1.0 mL DMSO in a 16 x 125 mm screw-capped test tube and ice until solidified.
   2. Add 0.8 mL of the 2.5 M Sucrose solution, remove from ice and invert until the DMSO is liquefied.xa0 Return to ice bath.
   3. Add 0.2 mL of the L-Cysteine/Ascorbic Acid Solution to the DMSO solution and mix.
   4. Add 6.0 mL of the CPMB-2 Basal solution and mix.
   5. Add 2.0 mL HIBS and mix.
4. Resuspend the cell pellets and pool to a final volume of approximately 10 mL with the supernatant.xa0 Make a determination of the cell density and adjust the concentration of the cells between 5 x 10⁵/mL - 1 x 10⁶/mL using fresh medium.xa0 If the cell concentration is below 5 x 10⁵/mL, centrifuge the cell suspension and resuspend the pellet in a volume that will yield the desired concentration.
5. After the cell concentration is adjusted, centrifuge as in step 2.
6. Remove as much supernatant as possible and determine the volume removed.
7. Resuspend the cell pellet with a volume of the cryoprotective solution equal to the volume of the supernatant removed.xa0 Invert the tube several times to obtain a uniform cell density.
8. Dispense 0.5 mL aliquots into 1.0 - 2.0 mL plastic sterile cryules (special plastic vials for cryopreservation).
9. Place the vials in a controlled rate freezing unit.xa0 Use the following cooling cycle: From room temperature cool at -10°C/min to the heat of fusion; from the heat of fusion to -40°C, cool at -1°C/min.xa0At -40°C plunge into liquid nitrogen.xa0 The cooling cycle should be initiated no less than 15 and no more than 30 minutes after the addition of DMSO to the cell preparation.
10. Store ampules in a liquid nitrogen refrigerator until needed.
11. To establish a culture from the frozen state, place an ampule in a 35°C water bath, until thawed (2-3 min).xa0 Immerse the vial just sufficient to cover the frozen material.xa0 Do not agitate the ampule.
12. Transfer contents of thawed ampule to a 16 x 125 mm screw-capped borosilicate glass test tube containing 13 mL of ATCC medium 1978.
13. Screw cap on tightly and incubate at a 15° horizontal slant at 35°C.xa0Observe the culture daily and transfer when many trophozoites are observed.

Deschiens R. Considerations sur laction pathogene dune souche damibes dysenteriques. Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot. 30: 362-364, 1937.

Adagu IS, et al. In vitro activity of nitazoxanide and related compounds against isolates of Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 49: 103-111, 2002. PubMed: 11751773