一、肠道侵袭性大肠埃希氏菌菌种简介 

1、菌株名称：肠道侵袭性大肠埃希氏菌Escherichia coli EIEC

2、菌株编号：TS343006

3、其他中心编号：EIEC

3、生物危害程度：三类

4、特征特性：革兰氏阴性杆菌。含侵袭性质粒调节基因(invE)

5、具体用途：《GB/T 4789.6-2003致泻大肠埃希氏菌检验》阳性对照菌株。

二、肠道侵袭性大肠埃希氏菌保藏条件 

冻千菌种应在2~8C保存。

三、肠道侵袭性大肠埃希氏菌培养条件 

1、培养基编号：CM0002

蛋白胨 5.0g，牛肉浸取物 3.0g，NaCl 5.0g，琼脂 15.0g，蒸馏水 1.0L，pH7.0。[注] 培养芽孢杆菌时加入5mg MnSO4·H2O，则有利于产生芽孢。

2、培养温度：37℃, 好氧

四、肠道侵袭性大肠埃希氏菌注意事项 

·冻干首次活化,干粉要全部用完,不能保留,用0.2-0.5m1的培养液或者无菌水溶解,接种在1-2个平板上,因冻干菌种处于休眠状态,请勿接种多个平板,以免因接种量不足而导致复苏不成功；

·复苏后,微生物菌种应保藏于建议的温度、清洁和干燥的地方,室温放置时间过长会导致菌种衰退；

·菌种操作应在无菌条件下进行：转种完毕,废弃物应经灭菌再做丢弃处理,以免污染周围环境；

·冻干菌复苏后,应根据菌种状况及时转接传代；

·操作前,如果有不明白之处,应先咨询我中心技术人员,避免不必要的损失。

"E. coli" redirects here. For the protozoan commensal, see Entamoeba coli. For the grey whale, see Eschrichtius robustus.

This article is about Escherichia coli as a species. For E. coli in medicine, see Pathogenic Escherichia coli. For E. coli in molecular biology, see Escherichia coli (molecular biology).

Escherichia coli (/ˌɛʃəˈrɪkiə ˈkoʊlaɪ/), also known as E. coli (/ˌiː ˈkoʊlaɪ/),is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some serotypes (EPEC, ETEC etc.) can cause serious food poisoning in their hosts, and are occasionally responsible for food contamination incidents that prompt product recalls. The harmless strains are part of the normal microbiota of the gut, and can benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K2,and preventing colonisation of the intestine with pathogenic bacteria, having a mutualistic relationship.E. coli is expelled into the environment within fecal matter. The bacterium grows massively in fresh fecal matter under aerobic conditions for three days, but its numbers decline slowly afterwards.

E. coli and other facultative anaerobes constitute about 0.1% of gut microbiota, and fecal–oral transmission is the major route through which pathogenic strains of the bacterium cause disease. Cells are able to survive outside the body for a limited amount of time, which makes them potential indicator organisms to test environmental samples for fecal contamination. A growing body of research, though, has examined environmentally persistent E. coli which can survive for many days and grow outside a host.

The bacterium can be grown and cultured easily and inexpensively in a laboratory setting, and has been intensively investigated for over 60 years. E. coli is a chemoheterotroph whose chemically defined medium must include a source of carbon and energy. E. coli is the most widely studied prokaryotic model organism, and an important species in the fields of biotechnology and microbiology, where it has served as the host organism for the majority of work with recombinant DNA. Under favorable conditions, it takes as little as 20 minutes to reproduce.

Type and morphology

E. coli is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, nonsporulating coliform bacterium.Cells are typically rod-shaped, and are about 2.0 μm long and 0.25–1.0 μm in diameter, with a cell volume of 0.6–0.7 μm3.Antibiotics can effectively treat E. coli infections outside the digestive tract and most intestinal infections but are not used to treat intestinal infections by one strain of these bacteria.The flagella which allow the bacteria to swim have a peritrichous arrangement. It also attaches and effaces to the microvilli of the intestines via an adhesion molecule known as intimin.

Metabolism

E. coli can live on a wide variety of substrates and uses mixed acid fermentation in anaerobic conditions, producing lactate, succinate, ethanol, acetate, and carbon dioxide. Since many pathways in mixed-acid fermentation produce hydrogen gas, these pathways require the levels of hydrogen to be low, as is the case when E. coli lives together with hydrogen-consuming organisms, such as methanogens or sulphate-reducing bacteria.

In addition, E. coli's metabolism can be rewired to solely use CO2 as the source of carbon for biomass production. In other words, this obligate heterotroph's metabolism can be altered to display autotrophic capabilities by heterologously expressing carbon fixation genes as well as formate dehydrogenase and conducting laboratory evolution experiments. This may be done by using formate to reduce electron carriers and supply the ATP required in anabolic pathways inside of these synthetic autotrophs.

E. coli have three native glycolytic pathways: EMPP, EDP, and OPPP. The EMPP employs ten enzymatic steps to yield two pyruvates, two ATP, and two NADH per glucose molecule while OPPP serves as an oxidation route for NADPH synthesis. Although the EDP is the more thermodynamically favorable of the three pathways, E. coli do not use the EDP for glucose metabolism, relying mainly on the EMPP and the OPPP. The EDP mainly remains inactive except for during growth with gluconate.