1、菌株名称：酵米面假单胞菌(酵米面黄杆菌) Pseudomonas Cocovenenans Subsp
3、原始编号：ZSU←SDV 1.50
4、具体用途：分类；研究；教学
斜面菌种和冻干菌种应在2~8℃保存。
1、培养基编号： Potato Dextrose Agar PDA (马铃薯、葡萄糖琼脂)
2、培养温度：37℃
附: -80℃和液氮保藏方法:
(1) 培养:将菌种接种于合适培养基，培养基用固体或液体均可，对生长较快(如大部分弧菌、希瓦氏菌)和生长较慢的菌株用液体培养基培养比较好。培养时期掌握在对数生长期或对数生长后期。
(2)收集菌体:液体培养时，离心弃去上清液；以平板或斜面培养时，刮取菌体。
(3)保护剂:20%甘油(或20%甘油+5%海藻糖保藏效果更好)灭菌。
(4)分装:将菌体与保护剂混匀，菌体用量不能太少，混匀后看上去要浑浊；分装到若干冻存管。
(5)降温:及时放冰箱，先放-20℃，1-2小时后转移至-70℃至-80℃。如放入液氨中保藏，须注意样品温度降至-40℃以下再放。
(6)活化: 从冰箱或液氮中取出甘油管后，立即放置在40C温水中摇晃使冰融化，约需50秒-100秒；吸取适量内容物至适宜培养基培养。
*也可从冰箱或液氮中取出后，用低温冰盒保温，牙签刮取少许冰接种至合适培养基，甘油管可再放回原处低温保藏(注意动作要快避免过度升温)。
1、冻干首次活化, 干粉要全部用完，不能保留，用0.2-0.5m1的培养液或者无菌水溶解,接种在2支斜面上，因冻干菌种处于休眠状态,请勿接种多支斜面或平板，以免因接种不足而导致复苏不成功；
2、复苏后，微生物菌种应保藏于建议的温度、清洁和千燥的地方，室温放置时间过长会导致菌种衰退;
3、菌种操作应在无菌条件下进行;转种完毕,应经灭菌再做丢弃处理，以免污染周围环境。
4、冻干菌复苏后，应根据菌种状况及时转接传代;
5、操作前，如果有不明白之处，应先咨询我中心技术人员，避免不必要的损失。
Burkholderia gladioli is a species of aerobic gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria that causes disease in both humans and plants. It can also live in symbiosis with plants and fungi and is found in soil, water, the rhizosphere, and in many animals. It was formerly known as Pseudomonas marginata.
Burkholderia gladioli synthesizes several inhibitory substances, among them gladiolin, bongkrek acid, enaxyloxin, and toxoflavin. Those molecules might participate in antagonistic interactions with other microbes in the environment where they grow. One pathovariety, growing on coconut pulp, produces the respiratory toxin bongkrek acid which can cause fatal poisoning in humans.
The members of the genus Burkholderia were formerly classified as Pseudomonas, but Burkholderia was one of the seven genera that arose when Pseudomonas was divided based on rRNA differences. Burkholderia gladioli is closely related to, and often mistaken for, a member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. This includes ten closely related species, which are all plant pathogens.
Burkholderia gladioli is divided into several pathovars:
B. gladioli pv. gladioli causes gladiolus rot
B. g. pv. alliicola causes onion bulb rot
B. g. pv.agaricicola causes soft rot in mushrooms
B. g. pv. cocovenerans (sometimes written as cocovenenans) spoils coconut pulp
Burkholderia - Named after the scientist (bacteriologist) that discovered an organism linked to disease in the skin of onions.
Gladioli - Small sword, of a lily; used within botany.
Burkholderia are motile, Gram negative rods that may be straight or slightly curved. They are aerobic, catalase positive, urease positive, nonsporeformers. They grow on MacConkey agar, but do not ferment the lactose. Burkholderia gladioli can be distinguished from the other Burkholderia because it is oxidase negative B. gladioli is indole negative, nitrate negative, and lysine decarboxylation negative.
On the molecular level, PCR can be used to distinguish between the different Burkholderia species. According to Furuya et al., the ribosomal RNA gene is highly conserved and universally distributed in all living things, and therefore difference in the DNA sequences between 16S and 23S rRNA genes can be used to differentiate between the species.
The primers used for the amplification of the 16S to 23S region in the B. gladioli genome are as follows: GLA-f 5'-(CGAGCTAATACCGCGAAA)-3' and GLA-r 5'-(AGACTCGAGTCAACTGA)-3' Using these primers for PCR results in an amplicon of approximately 300bp.
All members of the genus Burkholderia have multireplicon genomes. They are able to keep "essential housekeeping" genes on the largest chromosome. This largest chromosome has a single origin of replication. The gene order and GC composition is conserved as well. Members of Burkholderia are able to capture and retain foreign DNA. The foreign DNA can be detected by looking for atypical GC context areas. One of the first foreign DNA segments detected this way encoded for virulence.
The B. gladioli genome consists of 6 major holders of genetic information: two chromosomes and four plasmids. The entire genome amounts to 9.06 Mb (Million Bases) with 89.64% of the genome - including non-coding regions - on the two chromosomes.
